Aetites or Eagle-stones - yellow clay ironstones with a cavity containing a smaller stone inside. So called since they were found in eagles' nests (Greek aetos an eagle). According to Epiphnaius, they came from a valley in Scythia which was inaccessible to humans. To obtain the stones people would throw slaughtered lambs into this valley, the stones would stick to the flesh, and were thus transported by the eagles to their nests. They were believed to have magical and strongly curative powers. Also, the eagles unable to hatch their eggs without them.

The Carbuncle, before it came to mean a sore on the skin, was a name of a certain gem, possibly the garnet or ruby, ranked in order of importance fifth after diamonds, emeralds, opals and pearls. It supposedly gave out its own light when placed in the dark. There were both male and female forms, the male having a brightness burning within, the female giving off light. It was believed to disperse poisonous air, preserve health and to reconcile friends.

The Ceraunion - a stone supposed to be formed during thunderstorms (Greek keraunos a thunderstorm). It was believed to be a soporific, and to reduce swellings in various parts of the body.

Chelidonia lapis - two stones said to be found in the stomach of young swallows (Greek chelidon a swallow). One of these was black, the other a dull red colour, both being about the size of a hemp seed. These were believed to be anti-epileptic in action.